Theodolite or Total Station: When To Use Each Tool

Surveyors need the right land surveying equipment to do their work effectively. When they need to pinpoint locations or plan a new building layout, the work needs to be precise and error-free.

Theodolites and total stations are the two most commonly used tools in land surveying. Both are essential for gathering accurate measurements and data, but there are certain situations where one tool may be more suitable than the other.

So when do they use theodolites or total stations?

In this post, we’ll discuss the differences between theodolites and total stations and when to use each one.

Theodolites

Theodolites measure angles in horizontal and vertical planes. They consist of a telescope mounted on a base with graduated circles.

Total Stations

Total stations combine the angular measurements of a theodolite with the distance capabilities of an Electronic Distance Measurer (EDM). This fusion creates a versatile device that precisely captures angles and distances.

Theodolite or Total Station: What’s The Difference?

The main differences between theodolites and total stations are:

• Total stations are the new and modernised version of theodolites.
• Theodolites only measure angles, while total stations can also measure distances through EDM technology.
• Total stations have electronic displays, making them more user-friendly and efficient than theodolites requiring manual calculations.
• Theodolites are less expensive than total stations, making them a more economical choice for smaller surveying projects.
• Theodolites require two individuals to operate, one to hold the rod and another to read the measurements. Total stations only require one person for operation.

When To Use Theodolites

Theodolites are best used in situations where precise angle measurements are required. This can include:

• Measuring horizontal and vertical angles for triangulation and traverse surveys.
• Determining heights and elevations of points relative to a reference point.
• Setting out grids or grid lines for construction projects.
• Monitoring deformations or movements of structures over time.

When To Use Total Stations

Total stations are better suited for more complex surveying tasks that require both angle and distance measurements. Some examples include:

• Measuring slope distances and vertical/horizontal angles for topographic surveys.
• Conducting land surveys to determine boundaries and land features.
• Creating 3D models of buildings or other structures through laser scanning technology.
• Performing volume calculations for stockpile inventory management.

Which One Is Better?

Given the distinct scenarios in which theodolites and total stations are utilised, determining which is superior can be challenging.

Both have their own advantages.

Advantages of Theodolites

• Theodolites have two main advantages:
• They are more affordable than total stations.
• Theodolites encourage teamwork and collaboration.

Advantages of Total Stations

On the other hand, total stations have several advantages over theodolites:

• They are more versatile, as they can measure both angles and distances.
• A single person can operate a total of stations.
• Digital data can be directly acquired and stored.
• Robotic total stations exist that can be controlled remotely.

Bottom Line

Surveyors often have to weigh the pros and cons of using a theodolite or total station for a project.

It ultimately depends on the specific needs and requirements of the surveying task at hand.

At Afgen, we have theodolites and total stations for sale in South Africa and can help you choose the right equipment for your project.

Contact us today to learn more about our surveying equipment options and find the perfect solution for your next project.